This compendium draws on ongoing relevant scientific and practical work in order to catalogue existing information and case studies on the topics in the context of Action Area 2.
In accordance with the guidance given to the secretariat, previous technical work undertaken in the context of the work programme on loss and damage under the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (2011–2013) served as a broad basis for compiling the compendium, in particular the ‘Literature review on the topics in the context of thematic area 2 of the work programme on loss and damage: a range of approaches to address loss and damage associated with the adverse effects of climate change’ (2012).
In addition, the following sources were reviewed to further the compendium as per guidance by the Excom:
• Submissions of information on financial instruments made under Action Area 7 of the initial two-year workplan;
• Databases of the World Bank and subsidiary World Bank programmes, such as the Global Facility for Disaster Risk Reduction;
• Relevant chapters of IPCC reports;
• Relevant work undertaken by other UNFCCC bodies and/or programmes;
• Inputs from 28 non-Annex I Parties and eight organizations, provided through the aforementioned questionnaires. The questionnaires inquired about the systems and/or processes currently in place in countries for conducting and coordinating analyses of climate risk and loss and damage associated with the adverse effects of climate change, taking into account extreme and slow onset events (see Annex II for the list of respondents).
Complementary desk-based research was also carried out based on publicly available publications.
The resulting compendium provides an overview of approaches to comprehensive risk management, including, risk assessment, risk reduction, financial risk transfer, risk retention, and transformational approaches, as well as an overview on enabling environment for these approaches.