Pakistan

Pakistan submitted its first Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) in 2016, followed by an updated version in 2021. Most recently, in September 2025, Pakistan submitted its NDC 3.0, commiting to reducing its 2035 projected greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 50% — 17% unconditional and 33% conditional on international finance, technology transfer and capacity support.

Looking ahead, Pakistan’s NDC 3.0 also includes an indicative voluntary 2035 target to reduce projected emissions from 2,559 million tonnes CO2e to 1,280 million tonnes CO2e.

Mitigation priorities include expanding renewables to 62–69% of installed capacity, scaling up electric vehicles, climate-smart agriculture, afforestation and ecosystem restoration and integrated solid waste management.

Adaptation priorities include climate-resilient irrigation, rainwater harvesting and groundwater recharge, restoring degraded habitats, urban resilience, climate-proof health facilities and disease surveillance systems and community-based disaster risk management and early warning systems.

Pakistan’s NDC 3.0, developed through a "whole-of-nation" approach led by the Ministry of Climate Change and Environmental Coordination, is anchored in its National Economic Transformation Plan.