Cuba

Cuba submitted its first Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) in 2016, followed by an updated version in 2020. Most recently, in February 2025, Cuba submitted its NDC 3.0.

In its NDC 3.0, Cuba commits to generate 26% of its electricity from renewable sources by 2035 and aiming to reduce potential biomethane emissions from sugar distilleries by 50% by 2035 from a 2030 baseline.

On mitigation, priority actions span four sectors: energy, agriculture, waste and Land Use and Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) .Cuba’s main commitment is to reach 26% renewable electricity generation in the national grid by 2035, up from a 24% target by 2030. Additional objectives include increasing electric vehicles to 15% of the national vehicle fleet; expanding forest cover by 50,000 hectares through unconditional actions and a further 40,000 hectares conditionally, alongside sustainable management of 75,000 and 90,000 hectares respectively; achieving a 2% reduction in emissions from dairy cattle farming and reducing emissions from the sugar industry through improved wastewater treatment; and cutting the potential for biomethane emissions by 50%.

On adaptation, NDC 3.0 states that Cuba will develop a National Adaptation Plan, prioritizing measures such as restricting construction and reducing population in vulnerable coastal zones, developing flood-resilient infrastructure, and adapting agriculture through crop diversification, resilient crop varieties, and reduced cultivation in saline areas. It also emphasizes conserving beaches, mangroves, and coral reefs, strengthening water security and hydraulic infrastructure, and integrating risk assessments into territorial planning.  

The Ministry of Science, Technology, and Environment (CITMA) led the development of the NDC 3.0.